Shojo and Adult Women a Linguistic Analysis of Gender...

Shojo and Adult Women: A Linguistic Analysis of Gender Identity in Manga (Japanese Comics) Junko Ueno Abstract: This study analyzes the linguistic behavior of female characters in shoJo (girls) and ladies (women) manga (Japanese comics) and discusses the portrayal of female gender identities in the context of popular print media. Considering the great impact that Japanese print media has had over Japanese womens speech patterns throughout history, a linguistic analysis of female characters speech patterns in shojo and ladies manga may reveal the kinds of representations of language and gender in manga and how these representations may affect Japanese womens gender identity today. Based on data collected through quantitative and†¦show more content†¦As Ito (2000) argues, It is very influential for children and adults alike because it teaches the readers the roles, expectations, rights, duties, taboos, and folkways of Japanese society whether the reader is aware of it or not (pl4). Ogi (2003) also states that one of the roles ladies manga performs is to offer alternate role mo dels to adult women. Therefore, in addition to studying peoples actual linguistic behavior, it is important to examine the kinds of representations of language and gender in manga and how these representations may affect Japanese womens gender identity. This study analyzes the linguistic behavior of female characters in shojo and ladies manga and discusses the portrayal of their gender identities in the context of popular print media. Research Questions This study poses the following two questions to explore gender identity expressed through language use in manga. 1. How and to what extent do the female characters speech pattems, the use of gendered forms in particular, in shojo and ladies manga magazines differ according to the characters ages? 2. Under what circumstances or settings are traditional and unconventional womens language used in manga magazines? Literature Review Conventional characteristics of Japanese womens speech Japanese male and female speech differences have bee n extensively examined in

Essay on Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism - 1038 Words

Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism constitute the essence of the traditional Chinese culture. The relationship among the three has been marked by both competition and complementation in history, with Confucianism playing a more dominant role. Confucianism emphasized a reiteration of current moral values and Taoism developed a system of based upon a harmonization of man with the natural order. These two popular philosophies, however, developed into popular religions eventually. Besides the major religions, ancestor worship and animism also have strong support in China. Chinese people are very pragmatic, worshipping gods that might answer their prayers. Confucius (551–479 B.C.) was a Chinese philosopher and founder of the Confucian school of†¦show more content†¦Daoism is a philosophy or way of life. Dao means the way or the path. Daoists devoted themselves to reflection and introspection in an effort to understand the fundamental character of the world and nature. Confucius revered tradition and encouraged his disciples to study historical records, music, poetry, and ritual. Confucius talked repeatedly of his vision of a more perfect society in which rulers and subjects, nobles and commoners, parents and children, and men and women would wholeheartedly accept the roles assigned to them, devoting themselves to their responsibilities to others. Confucius taught code of proper conduct. Although Confucianism is often followed in a religious manner by the Chinese, arguments continue over whether it is a religion. Confucianism discusses elements of the afterlife and views’ concerning Heaven, but it is relatively unconcerned with some spiritual matters often considered essential to religious thought, such as the nature of the soul. He created amoral code on based on ethics, humanity and love. Confucius philosophies emphasize the ideals of order and harmony. Confucianism is an ethical system rather than a religion. (Ethics deals with human beha vior and conduct.) Confucius was mainly concerned with how human beings behaved toward each other and paid little attention to such matters as sin, salvation, and the soul. He developed a system of government, society, and justiceShow MoreRelatedTaoism, Confucianism, And Buddhism Essay1712 Words   |  7 PagesTaoism is a religious, philosophical and ritual tradition originating in around the 3rd or 4th century. I plan to pursue how the religion was affected by the culture in which it arose. Specifically focusing on the fact that there are no real deities in Taoism. How Taoism, or Daoism, was shaped and influenced by Chinese culture, as well as presenting how Daoism has formed and prospered in Chinese civilization with both Confucianism and Buddhism as an influence. The teachings of the Dao De Jin, orRead MoreConfucianism, Taoism, And Buddhism1604 Words   |  7 Pagesearly second and third hundreds of years and forward. Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism were among the principle three religions rehearsed then. Buddhism has been around since 273 B.C. It started out in India and went into central Asia and proceeded into Korea and Japan getting to be one of the actual religions in all of imperative China. By the ninth century, 9-tenths of the populace in northwest China have been converted over to Buddhism. Background Inside of the Gautama faction in India wasRead MoreConfucianism, Taoism, And Buddhism1771 Words   |  8 Pagesback in the early second and third hundreds of years and forward. Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism were among the principle three religions rehearsed then. Buddhism has been around since 273 B.C. It began in India and went into central Asia and proceeded into Korea and Japan getting to be one of the real religions in all of central China. By the ninth century nine-tenths of the populace in northwest China was changed over to Buddhism. Background Inside of the Gautama faction in India was an honorableRead MoreBuddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, And Religion926 Words   |  4 Pagescountries: China, India China: Religions in China: Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Islam, and Christianity Buddhist 18.2%, Christian 5.1%, Muslim 1.8%, folk religion 21.9%, Hindu .1%, Jewish .1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 52.2% (14) 85 % of Chinese people are religious or did in the past, 15 % are true atheists (2) 31 % of non-religious people have taken part in Buddhist actions, and around 17 million people have converted to Buddhism. This may be more accepted in part becauseRead More Comparing Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism Essay2801 Words   |  12 PagesComparing Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism Works Cited Not Included The belief in some higher presence, other than our own, has existed since man can recollect. Religion was established from this belief, and it can survive and flourish because of this belief. In Chinese history, Taoism and Buddhism are two great philosophical and religious traditions along with Confucianism. Taoism, originated in China around the sixth century BCE and Buddhism, came to China from India around the second centuryRead MoreEssay about Comparing Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism1019 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism 4. Compare and contrast Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. How are they similar? How are they different? -Question 4. Buddhism Has over 300 million members, and was founded around 2, 500 years ago in India. The founder is Gautama Siddhartha, the Buddha, or referred to as the Enlightened One. Their major scripture are The Triptaka, Anguttara-Nikaya, Dhammapada, Sutta-Nipata, Samyutta-Nikaya and many others. Buddhism today is dividedRead MoreThe Night Watches Of The Buddha1747 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 2 Analyze the night Watches of the Buddha, and explain how the content was developed in the Mahayana Sutras. Mahayana Buddhism is originated in the first century C.E. and focuses on new concern for liberation through the assistance of a bodhisattva (Voorst ). Also, Mahayana Buddhism requires a body of scripture, and so began the Mahayana Canon (Voorst ). Mahayana Sutras is one of section of the Mahayana Canon, which focuses on the denial of the reality of existence and nonexistenceRead MoreWorld Wide Yin and Yang1735 Words   |  7 PagesChinese culture has a variety of religions and philosophies; behind each one there is a core of theories and principles formed by its founders. The aspects of the yin-yang principal are the basis of the three major Chinese religions: Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. In China, people are aware of the importance of believing in the yin and yang principles. The Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender states, the Chinese view yin and yang as opposites, where yin is dark and yang is light. They are also knownRead More Comparing Buddhims, Taoism, and Confucianism Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Buddhims, Taoism, and Confucianism There are many similarities and differences between the three religions of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. While researching this paper, I came across this quote from an unknown source that stated, ?No civilization is monochrome. In China the classical tones of Confucianism have been balanced not only by the spiritual shades of Buddhism, but also by the romantic hues of Taoism?. As each religion is surmised the similarities and differencesRead MoreBuddhism in Ancient Korea: The Impact1586 Words   |  6 Pagesare Shamanism, Daoism, and Confucianism, and Buddhism. Buddhism is the religion that changed the society of Korea the most in the ancient times. As Buddhism spread in Korea, great inventions were made, the power hold of Korea started leaning the religion, and the social beliefs changed. These changes had positive results in Korea, and helped Korea to become a proud country. Just like many other religions, it has have effect and it still has effect on many cultures. Budd hism is the religion that affected

Macbeth Essay Summary Example For Students

Macbeth Essay Summary Here’s an essay I wrote for my English 4 class. The topic for this essay is as follows: The relationship betwen Macbeth and Lady Macbeth is of prime importance. Give sufficient analysis and examples of the nature of the relationship. (Complementary and conflicting elements, static and/or changing, depth of true understanding, degree of â€Å"evilness†, etc. ) Macbeth is a play about death, destruction, deceit, depravity and corruption. At the center of all this is Macbeth and Lady Macbeth (a quaint way of saying Macbeth’s wife). As the play progresses, their relationship changes dramatically as a result of how each of them handles their emotions following King Duncan’s murder. In the beginning of the play, Lady Macbeth is a strong, domineering person. She seems able to coerce Macbeth into doing things that he would not do on his own. She seems willing to trample anyone in order to get what she wants. She seems ready to kill. She would have no problem dancing on the backs of the bruised for the same reason stuck up rich people today don’t care about the starving kids in Africa–she has never seen or experienced it. When reading Macbeth’s letter that told of the witches’ prophecy she said, â€Å"Yet do I fear thy nature; it is too full o’ the milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way. † She wanted to take the quick and dirty route to royalty (murder), but didn’t think Macbeth was up to it. She has never killed anyone (as far as we know), so she doesn’t understand why it would be so difficult. Macbeth is a battle-hardened soldier who is no stranger to danger. He has killed more than a few men, women, and children in his day. We’re informed of that at the opening of the play when a sergeant tells of how Macbeth hunted down Macdonwald and â€Å"unseamed him from the nave to the chaps and fixed his head upon our battlements. † But Macbeth knew the difference between right and wrong. Macdonwald was a traitor and fully deserved to be cut in half. Killing Duncan was a different story. Murdering a good king/friend in order to gain wealth and power is not very P. C. and is downright immoral. When Lady Macbeth brought up killing the king he was hesitant to talk about such a thing, then blew her off and said, â€Å"We will speak further. Of course, being the whipped little mama’s boy that he is, he was talked into her fiendish conspiracy plan. When it came right down to it, Lady Macbeth couldn’t kill Duncan. She says, â€Å"Had he not resembled my father as he slept, I had done’t. † Of course that is a bunch of BS; in reality she was just too fainthearted to get the job done. This was her first sign of weakness, though it certainly was not her last. As the play progressed her emotions got the best of her and she was slowly transformed into a pitiful, spineless, little jellyfish who kills herself because she can’t take the heat. Near the end she goes insane and walks around saying odd things like, â€Å"Here’s the smell of the blood still. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. Oh, oh, oh! † She was obviously more than a little disturbed by her role in the king’s murder as well as the various other killings that had taken place. She was so far gone that the doctor proclaimed, â€Å"This disease is beyond my practice. † Macbeth’s character changed in a much different manner. After killing the king, he felt empowered and soon began slaying more people. 4 Units : Target completion date: October 14, 2016 EssayMacbeths cruelty in action is shown when Lady Macduff and her son arebrutally slaughtered. When he planned to kill Banquos son, Fleance, he couldacquit the murder to himself by referring to the prophecy that Banquoschildren should be kings. But he is in no danger from Lady Macduff or her son;the crime is more loathsome because it is motiveless. At the beginning of theplay Lady Macbeth prayed that she should know no compunctious visitings ofnature that might prevent her from

The whole towns sleeping The Red Room comparison Essay Example

The whole towns sleeping The Red Room comparison Essay At the beginning of The whole towns sleeping, you are introduced to a very peaceful, tranquil, average American town. It is as though nothing out of the ordinary has ever really happened here. It was a warm summer night in the middle of Illinois country. Whereas in The Red Room, the opening is set in an old dismal castle with three odd contradicting servants. This story instantly starts off creepy while in the whole towns sleeping, it doesnt. The old woman sat staring hard into the fire, her pale eyes wide open. We will write a custom essay sample on The whole towns sleeping The Red Room comparison specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The whole towns sleeping The Red Room comparison specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The whole towns sleeping The Red Room comparison specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The whole towns sleeping is set in an average town in 1950s USA. It is set mainly outdoors with some indoor sections. The Red Room is set in a dank old castle in 19th century England. There are no real similarities in setting. The theme of both stories is straight and simply fear. The authors of the stories wanted to frighten you either by death or ghosts but with the same effect. The two stories are similar in the fact that they build up to a climax, and then end rapidly. The main character in the whole towns sleeping is called Lavinia. She seems fearless, but this is not always the case, as she can become frightened. However, most of the time she would try to hide her fear, or just say something, which makes her look brave. Bosh! She was saying this when her gullible friend was talking about the lonely one, trying to sound fearless, but I expect that she was probably dubious, and she just didnt want to show it. In the Red room, the main character is a 28-year-old man who is very sceptical about many things. Eight-and-twenty years I have lived and never a ghost have I seen as yet. His name is never given, and I feel that this is just to make the story more frightening. If his name is given, it becomes more personal and therefore friendly, which is not frightening. This character doesnt believe in the unnatural, or many things like that. He believes that if he can touch it, it is real. He is also a bit arrogant and fearless much alike to Lavinia in the whole towns sleeping. I do not like either character much as they are both egotistical and this is not a very friendly feature. I feel that they should both be more open-minded. But then the stories would be less scary if the characters were instantly scary. I do not like people who have this characteristic, so I do not like the characters. However, I find them both very realistic, which shows the talents of the authors off well. HG Wells language is quite old fashioned. I.e., he says, eight-and-twenty, rather than twenty-eight as we would say nowadays. He uses very vivid description, which sometimes becomes so much as to sway you away from what is actually happening in the main story line. There are little similes and metaphors in this story. He uses some direct speech at the very beginning and at the very end, but hardly during the main story section in the middle. It is more: I saw this, I touch this and so on. It is told in the first person and this is better so you can see exactly what he is seeing and thinking in an easier and clearer way. Ray Bradburys style is completely different to HG Wells in the fact that it is up to date language and also in the American style. There are quite a lot of similes and metaphors such as Cool as mint ice cream And quite a lot of personification such as: fans whispered. heat was breathing. There is a lot of direct speech which I personally prefer as I find it easier to follow. This story is in the third person and I find that this one is better in third as you can see exactly what they are thinking rather than what one person thinks they are thinking. HG Wells creates suspense by having the candles blow out a lot in the Red Room. The suspense is not particularly good as you are unaware of what will happen if he does get entrapped in the darkness, but then this makes you wonder about what will happen more so. It begins when 1 candle innocently blows out. It ends when the man knocks himself out. Ray Bradbury created suspense by having a long section when Lavinia feels that she is being followed. In this part, Lavinia is counting which adds greatly to the suspense. You are saying to yourself, shes only got 12 to go, 11, 10 and you get immersed into the story. I feel that this suspense section was much more successful than that of the Red Room. In the Red Room, the ending is far too abrupt and there is now imagination. You are told what had happened rather than wondering what will happen. There is almost no imagination here. It would have probably been better to end off with the man fainting and not have the explanation paragraph. In the whole towns sleeping however, the ending is much better, just when you think that all is well and safe, I turns out that is isnt and you are left wondering what will happen to her. (Which is almost certainly death!) I much preferred the whole towns sleeping because of its more modern language; better characters that are easier to relate to; the use of more similes, metaphors and personification; more direct speech; the more exciting suspense section; and the unexpected twist at the end. I fell that the whole image of fear was more greatly achieved in the whole towns sleeping because of the fact that the women all know what are they are to be scared of. And the fact that it was set in a small, innocent town to which you wouldnt think there would be anything like this happening is also more exciting.